Te Mahi a ngā Kōpu Kerēme i te Mana Whakangaro me te Haumanu
Whakataunga: Tūpato Whakarite mō ngā Pūnaha Whakamauatia me te Mana Whakangaro
Mō ngā whare wāhitahitanga me ngā whenua nohohanga, ko te whakarite mō ngā ahi kai i runga i te tūranga kotahi. Nā ngā ahi nui pū, nā ngā rū whenua me ngā ahi, ā, nā ngā takoha haumaru nā te tangata e whai take ana ki te hiahia ki te tiaki i ngā whare i te wā. Me neke tonu ngā momo tiaki ki te whakamana i te oranga o ngā noho whenua me te tiaki i te whenua hei kore whakawātea. Ko ngā pouaka tiaki he mea nui rawa hei hanga i te mana tiaki mo ngā ahi kai, inaianei ka tuku he paenga matihiko ki runga i ngā mate me ngā hē ki reira ka puta mai. Ko te tuhinga nei ka whakapae atu ki ngā take o te mahi tiaki ahi kai ki roto i ngā pouaka tiaki, ahakoa ngā momo pakari e tukuna ana ki ngā whare, e hīkina ana hoki i te haumarutanga, te whakamahi o ēnei whare, ā, ka tautohe pea ka taea te whakatika i ngā mate haumaru me te whakamana i te tiaki i ngā whare i te wā o te rereke.
He Aha Te Take i Whakamahia ai ngā Pūtango Rangatira ki te Whakangungu i te Whanaketanga ki ngā Mate?
Ki ngā take tuatahi kua whakaatu i ngā whare ā-taiao, he pūtango rangatira kei te hunga nei e hiahiatia ana, e whakaititia rānei, rānei e whakatūpūtia i ēnei hanganga o ngā mate (Na et al., 2018). He mōhiotanga matua ngā pūtango e tuku mai ana i te paetawhiti tuatahi mō ngā whare katoa, engari he aha anō hoki e whakapā mai ana hei whakangungu i te paetawhiti whakamutunga. Ahakoa he whakaae ranei he ara ki te whakamahi i te pūtango hei wāhi whakawhiti i te huringa ā-mahi me te mate, ranei he whakaae kia tiakina te manaorite me te oranga o ngā noho i roto i ngā whare, e whai ana ngā pūtango i te tīmatatanga o te pūtango i aua wā. No reira, ka kitea te korenga o te whakatupu me te whakamutunga i ngā pūtango, ā, kaore e taea te whakamātau i ngā hiko e hoheke ana i te huringa, te kohu, me te ahi ki ēnei rārangi ranei.
- Te Tiaki I te Ahi me te Whakarite Te tuhituhi i ngā tūranga ahi i ngā whare he tohu i te mea ko ngā ahi he mea nui tonu, he āheinga hoki ki te paku ahi i waenganui i ngā wā. Ki te kore e pai, ka mate ngā wairua tangata i ngā taumata ahi, ā, i te wā e rua, ka mutu hoki ngā mahi me te mate o ngā whenua. Ko te whanonga he iti iho ngā take o ēnei taumata, ā, i muri iho, he iti iho hoki ngā mate e taea ana te noho mai i roto i ēnei wā, arā, i te wā e taea ai te whakawherohero i te whare. He karaka kei raro i te whatawhata ahi, ā, e rua ngā kaiwhakarite ahi, ko tēnā he momo karaka ahi matua e whai ana. Ka whakarerekētia te karaka ahi ki ētahi atu rōpū, ko te rōpū iti rawa ko te "B" i tana ingoa, arā, ka taea e ia te hokiwhiti i te ahi i te wā 30 meneti, ki te rōpū nui rawa ko te "EI", arā, ka tiakina te ahi me ngā ahi mo te wā 180 meneti. E tūtonu ana ngā karaka ahi i runga i ngā paepae tuawhenua me ngā ara, ā, ka whakamahia hei tiaki i ngā wairua me ngā whenua, arā, ka noho i te tūmomo kotahi te ahi.
- Te Whakamātau ki te Hākinakina i ngā Pūngao Taiao Kei roto i te kāwanatanga o ngā pūngao taiao, pērā i ngā huruhuru, ngā pūputa, ngā wheiwheia, me ngā upupu, ka taea te whakatōki i te nui o ngā raraunga me ngā whare i kīhai i kitea. He mea hira te hanga o ngā pūtango aho whakamātau, pērā i ngā pūtango aho e āhei ana ki te whakarite i ngā pūtango aho whakamātau, rānei, he mea hokohoko i te wā o ngā pūnaha mate. Ko ēnei pūtango he hanga whakarite, e āhei ana ki te whakarite i te hau, te ua, rānei, hoki ko te mamae, ka whakaheke i te whitiwhiti o te wai me te mamae ki roto i te whare. I ngā wāhi e tino mōhio ana ki ngā ahurea hiko kē o te rangi, ko te tiaki i ngā pūtango he whakaaetanga tino i te tiaki i te whare i te wā o te whakaputu.
- Tūmatawhiti ki ngā Pātai me te Whakaputuputu I te wā e whai ake nei i tētahi momo āwheoro, pērā i te mate whenua rānei, he nui ake te matea o te korenga me te whakaputuputu i ngā taonga e kitea nei e ngā toa whakaputuputu (Smith, 2013). He patu hokohoko e whiwhi ana i tētahi tangata kāore i tae ki te whakaaetanga kia haere tonu ki roto i te whare. Ka whakakona ai tēnei patu mā te whakatū i ngā pouaru hei tiaki, ka whakamauhuhia te ara mō ngā toa whakaputuputu e taea nei, ko tēnei ka whakatakoto i ngā mea katoa i roto i tētahi wāhi tūmatanui, ka whakamahia he oranga mō ngā nohoanga o te whakahaere i te maru. Ko te hunga whakatika rānei ka whakatūhia ngā puweru me te whakatūhia i ngā waewae, ka noho tahi ki runga i te kīanga, ko tēnei ka whakarite i tētahi rautaki matua mō te tūmatawhiti. Ki roto i te wāhi tūmuia nui, ka whakatangataria ngā pouaru nei i te wā e tūmuia ana te mate whenua.
- Te Whakamutunga o ngā Pūoro i roto i ngā Taumataohe I te pūrongo e kī nei i a JamesLewandos, "Ko ngā pūoro he whakarerekē i te huarahi o te oranga, mā te whakaiti i te mahi tangata" (kia kitea ai i a McIntosh, 1982). I te wā o te taumataohe, ko ngā pūoro ā-mōhiohio e rere ana, ko ngā pūoro tūmatanui e heke mai i ngā take whenua, hau, me te wai, ā, nō ngā tangata anō ka whakapakari i te kino. Ko ngā tūru whakamutunga pūoro e taea ai te whakaweka i te kawe pūoro i waho ki te rohe i roto, ka whakatika i tēnei take pūoro, ā, ka tuku he wāhi maemae hei kōrero mō ngā manukuhia, hei whakatau hoki. I roto i ngā rautaki whakahaere i ngā take taimaha, me whai kaha ngā rōpū, ā, ināianei ngā ratou āhuatanga e pā ana ki te haerehere, hei whakamana i te mea kāore ngā kaimahi e noho ana i runga i ngā whakarerekae. Mō ēnā i roto i ngā wā o te haere tonu i te wā o te whakamaharatanga i ngā rīpea, ko ngā tūru whakamutunga pūoro e whakatika i te whakapakari i te wā o te takoto hei noho mō ngā rīpea kia tae atu.
Ngā Tūru Whakatakoto i te Rūwhenua, Whakatakoto i te Wai me te Ahi
Nō te nui o ngā momo kaiwhakaruruhau e whai ake nei, ka hangaia ki ngā wāhanga e pā ana i ēnei whakahau mō ngā taumata. Mō ia taumata o ngā mate whenua, ka hangaia ēnei kaiwhakaruruhau me ngā hiranga katoa e hiahiatia ana hei whakamahere i tētahi whare katoa i roto i te rongo pai. Ko ngā momo kaiwhakaruruhau e whai ake nei i muri iho he mea whakamahia noa ai mō te whai take i ngā mate whenua:
- Ngā kaka matihiko Ngā kaka matihiko he tino huarahi noa iho ki te whakarite i te tahuri me te kapu ahi ki roto i tētahi whare. Ko ngā kaka e āhei ana ki te whakatū pūngao nui, ahi, itiheretia nei ko ngā kaka ahi, rānei ko ngā kaka e āhei ana ki te whakatupu i te ahi, inā he wānanga kei raro i ngā momo whenua e āhei ana ki te whai i ngā pūngao wehe, pērā i te porohiwhiwa, he porowhita o ngā rakau e āhei ana ki te whakatupu i te ahi me te kōkōwai. Ka āhei ngā kaka nei ki te whai i ngā pūngao mo tētahi wā e whai ake ana, ā, ka whakaae hoki i ngā kaiwhakaekea ki te haere tonu hei whakangungu i a rātou. Ki te tika rawa te whakaaturanga, ka whai ngā whare i te itinga o ngā mate e pā ana, mā ngā kaka nei. He mea nui noa iho ngā kaka nei i ngā wāhi matihiko ahi, pērā i ngā paepae poutū, ngā ara whakawāhi, ā, i waenganui i ngā whenua ahi, hei whakatupu i te wāhi tūmatanui ahi ki roto i tētahi whare.
- Ngā Tūra Whakarongo ki te Pākiri me ngā Tūra Hurihanga I ngā wāhi e tata ana ki ngā hūpē me ngā pūputa, he hōtaka ngā tūra kia whakarongo ki te pākiri hei whakamahinga mōu kia kaitiaki i a koe i te ua me ngā hau nui, mēnā kei roto o tō whare. E whaihua ana ngā tūra whakarongo ki te pākiri i ngā rerekē āhuarangi pērā i te kākano whakaputuputu rānei me te toko, e taea ana e ngā rerekē āhuarangi nei te whakawhiti i te hopu me te pākiri, ā, ka noho pai tonu. Ko ngā tūra hurihanga hei whakatūpato i te tōmua o te whare i te mea ka horo ngā wai, pēnei i te wā o te upoko whenua, rānei i te wā o ngā ua nui. Kāore ngā tūra hurihanga hei kawe i te wai rānei hei kawe i te mate ki roto i ngā tahataha o te whare.
- Pūtango Whakarite i ngā Wāhanga Pūtango whakarite he mea nui tōnui hei whai wāhi i te haumaru o ngā mahi a ngā kaimahi me ngā whare hanga ki roto i ngā wā e tere ana ngā hoko iwi, pūnaha roroa, āhua matua, me ngā wāhanga pūnaha rongoā. Nō reira, ko ngā pūtango e āhei ana ki te whakamana i te kino me te paheko o te pūtango whakarite, ka noho tonu hei whakatupu i te mākutu o te pūtango i runga i a ia, ka noho tonu hei whakaiti i te kaha o te pūtango i te waehanga o te pūtango me te waewae o te pūtango. Ko te mea nui nei, kei te tino tūpato te pūtango kia puta mai i te kore rawa atu ki te taiao, i te tīmatanga ki te tūpito, i te tūpito ki te tūpito, i te tūpito ki te tūpito, i te tūpito ki te tūpito, i te tūpito ki te tūpito, i te tūpito ki te tūpito, i te tūpito ki te tūpito, i te tūpito ki te tūpito, i te tūpito ki te tūpito, i te tūpito ki te tūpito. Hei tāku, he mea nui te kuhu i te pūtango whakarite i te poraka, ahakoa te mea nui o te whakapono, ahakoa te mea nui o te whakapono, ahakoa te mea nui o te whakapono, ahakoa te mea nui o te whakapono, ahakoa te mea nui o te whakapono, ahakoa te mea nui o te whakapono, ahakoa te mea nui o te whakapono.
- Pūtango Mākutu I te wā o ngā whakararu herehere rōpu tangata rānei, ko ngā wā o te whakaora i muri i te mate nui, ka nui ake ngā āheinga ki ngā pāharahara me ngā tāhuhu whenua. Ko ngā pūtango mākutu he whakahēenga pai rawa hei tiaki i ngā wāhi e kore ana e taea te whakauru kē, hei tiaki i ngā taonga, ā, hei whai wāhi hoki i te haumaru o ngā whakamahi. Ko ngā pūtango nei i whakatūhia i ngā rārangi here here hou, i ngā paepae kiko kino me ngā whakapakiri, ā, i ngā rauanga hanganga kōwhai irohia hei whakatū tonu i te kawe atu i ngā whakauru korenga. Hoki anō, i roto i ngā whare hanganga pūnaha, i ngā rōpū mahi whare pūnaha hoki, me ētahi atu whare e mau ana i ngā taonga kei te noho uaua rānei, i ngā raraunga whakaaro herehere rānei, ko ngā pūtango mākutu i kitea he mea hiahia.
- Pūtango Whakamutu Kōrero Nā te pūtango whakamutu kōrero e hāngai ana i ngā whare rēhita, kei reira te wā kua noho nui te korenga o te kōrero hei āwhina i te whakawhiti kōrero me te whakaaro nui, inaianei i te wā o te arohaehae. Ko ēnei momo pūtango ka whakaritea ki te tataki i te kōrero o waho kia kaua e whiti mai, ā, ka tino tataki anō hoki i te kōrero e whakaputa ana i waenganui i ngā whare. Ka whai pūnaha mō ngā pūtango whakamutu kōrero ki runga i ngā tari e hiahiatia nei, matatini whare tapuhi, rānei ko ngā whare nohohanga e hiahia ana ki te hanga i tētahi taiao herehere i arahi i ngā tangata ki te whakaaro nui i te haumaru, ā, i te wā e kī ana ia, ka whakangaoa ngā tikanga whakahoki i te wā āharake.
Ngā Pūtakea o te Tiaki i ngā Pūtango hei Taumata Whakangungu i te Arohaehae
- Te Tautoko i te Haumanu me te Whakarite Ko te take matua e whai ake nei mo te whakatūpātanga o ngā kawheka haumanu he whakapai i tō rātou haumanu. Hei tūranga nui hoki i ngā wā o te ahi, ngā pākēinga, me ngā huruhuru whanui nui atu, ka whakatū mai ēnei tūru ki te whakamahia hei whakarite i ngā mokopuna o tētahi whare. Ka noho ngā tūru e paihere ana i te ahi hei whakapihita i te ahi me te kohu, ko ngā tūru e paihere ana i ngā pākēinga hei tohu i te whakaiti i ngā whara hangi me te huarere kino nui. E ai ki te whakahaere i te kawheka, kia kitea ai ngā kaiwhakaaweawe kore tika, ka whakaae hoki ngā tūru whakarite reira hei whakaiti i te waea i roto i tētēahi momo raruraru.
- He wāhi hoki ngā tūra whakarongo ki te tirotiro i te raru e pā ana ki ngā whenua, ā, he tūranga hoki hei whakamahere mō te whakaiti i te raru whenua i waenganui i ngā wā kaiwhaea. Ka taea e ngā tūra whakahē kia noho hei whakatupu i te ahi, me ngā tūra whakawehi kia tiakina te taonga o ngā whare mai i te whakawehi, me ētahi atu hītori. Ka taea e ngā tūra whakatū tonu te whakamau i ngā kiko kaiwhirinaki me ngā hau nui. Nā tēnā hoki ka whakaae ngā tūra nei ki te whakapakari i te tahuri me ngā whakatikatika, kia kore ai e whai kē, kia iti noa iho te wāhanga o te raru i roto i te whenua, kia ea ai te whakaora me ngā whakatikatika.
- Tōpūtanga Whakamahere Pāharakeke I te wā e pā ana, i te whakatū a tētahi mate, ko te wā ko te huinga. Ka taea e ngā kaiwhakarato haumaru te whakamahere mō te wā mea nei ki roto i tētahi mate, pērā ko te tuku atu i ngā wāhi taihoa, te ārahi i ngā tangata ki ngā ara whakawāhia, me te tiaki i ngā whare i ngā momo hanganga matua hei whangaiti i te nui o te nui o te mate. Ko ngā kaiwhakarato ahi ka taea te whakapakari i ngā wāhi o te whare i te wā o te mate. Nā te whakauru o ngā kaiwhakarato haumaru ka puta te whakahē i te rīhi rānei, koia nei ka kaua e whakatōmuri te whare i te wā o ngā mahi pāharakeke.
- Ngā Whakamana Koha Mō te Wā Eke Panui, i rānua ngā pūtanga kia mahi tae atu ki te utu i te wā e whai mai nei, engari i te wā e hīkina nei ka taea e rātau ko ngā whakahau me ngā kaiwhakamahi te paunga moni i runga i te itinga o ngā mate, he iti rawa anō hoki ngā whare me te itinga o ngā utu mō te manaaki. Ā, ki te he me ngā pūtanga e paihere ana ki te ahi, ka noho tonu te wāhi i waenganui i te hokohoko moni me ngā whakatikatika i muri iho. Ki te kitea e ngā tohu rongoā i roto i ngā pūtanga rangatira, ka ea pea ko te whakanuia i a rātau ki te haere atu. He nui ake te urutau o ngā pūtanga whakarite ki te whakangungu i te whare me te whakapapa whenua.
Whakamutunga: Te Tūranga o ngā Pūtanga Rangatira i te Whakamahara i ngā Taiāo
He aha te take, ka nui ake te tono mo nga whare e taea ana te whakarite i nga mate. Ka hiahiatia motu atu ano e ai ki te ngaro i te ao, te tiaki me etahi take ke, ka whakarerekēhia nga wāhi defensive doors. Ka hiahia motu atu ano i enei wa kia whai i te whakamana ki te tiaki i te hunga i runga i te maha o nga pūtau rerekē. Na te hanga me te rautaki hou, ko nga puweru me etahi whenua hou ka tukua hei whakamua, ka tae noa mai ki te whakamahere hou hei tiaki i te maha o nga mate me te pai rawa atu o te tiaki me te whakariterite. Ko nga puweru e pai ki te tiaki i te ahi, te puweru e pai ki te tiaki i te pakanga, me etahi puweru tiaki, he momo puweru e pai ai ki te whakarite i nga mate e rua nei, me te whare noho me te whare mahi, hei whakangungu i nga mate whenua me etahi take e pikinga nei.